Develop your knowledge and understanding of 2^nd degree atrioventricular block in horses. This is a one-part course that can also be taken as part of the 1^st, 2^nd and 3^rd degree AV blocks course bundle. 

This module looks at pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prevention and outcomes of 2^nd degree atrioventricular block in horses, including:
Cause – impulse of supraventricular origin (from sinus node or an atrial ectopic beat) is blocked at the AV node and does not progress to activate the ventricles.
Signs – usually non-pathological.
Diagnosis – ECG and/or auscultation.
Treatment – usually condition is physiological, and no treatment is required. Very rarely an artificial pacemaker, or sympathomimetic agents may be indicated in advanced (pathological) 2^nd degrees AVB.
Prognosis – generally excellent, but conversely prognosis is guarded to poor if arrhythmia is not abolished by exercise and horse is symptomatic.

Support and Resources 
This online module includes an e-Book with content from Vetstream's Vetlexicon Equis followed by a quiz leading to a personalized certificate. Written by some of the world's leading veterinarians, ensuring accuracy and depth of content.

This course was written and peer reviewed by:

• Karen Blissitt
• Christopher Brown
• Wendy Furness
• Lesley Young
• Nicole Menzies-Gow

CPD Hours
This module is worth approximately 30 minutes of CPD.